Jonathan Arnold (December 3, 1741 – February 1, 1793) was an American physician and statesman from New England. He was born in Providence, Rhode Island. Arnold served in the Continental Army as a surgeon, and directed the army hospital at Providence. He represented Rhode Island as a delegate to the Continental Congress in 1782 and 1783. He moved to a farm in St. Johnsbury, Vermont in 1787, and later served as a judge.
He also served as a clerk in the colony of Rhode Island in 1767. He would write the voucher to the recipient ordering payment from Joseph Clarke Esquire with the General Treasury of the Colony of Rhode Island.
He was the father of Lemuel Hastings Arnold and great-great-grandfather of Theodore Francis Green.